Furnace brazing is a semi-automated process used to join metal components with a dissimilar, lower melting filler metal. It allows designs of one or multi-joint assemblies to be joined by a reproducible metallurgical bond.
Brazing Furnaces were first commercialized in the early 1920s. Furnace-brazed parts are heated to a specific brazing temperature until the filler metal flows. The parts are then cooled or “quenched,” usually in a different zone of the furnace, or in a separate chamber, to produce the required material properties in the finished assembly.
Brazing Furnace’s capabilities and advantages include:
- Multiple joints on the same assembly can be brazed simultaneously
- Gravity or minimal fixturing is sufficient making complicated jigging typically unnecessary
- Undesirable atmosphere constituents can be controlled or eliminated
- Multiple atmospheres or chambers make various types of processing operations possible
- The process is highly repeatable, ideally lending itself to automated production
- Brazing furnaces usually do not require chemical fluxes
- Little to no post-braze cleaning is required
- Provides close temperature control, for optimum and uniform results
Abbott Furnace Company custom designs and manufactures continuous belt brazing furnaces in both straight or humpback designs. These furnaces are used in the manufacturing process where there is a need to join simple or complex designs of one joint or multi-joint assemblies.
Abbott Furnace Company’s continuous belt brazing furnaces ensure consistent brazing results by offering superior temperature and atmosphere control.
Features of Brazing Furnaces
Alloy or Ceramic Muffle
- Muffle to help direct, control, and reduce atmosphere flow.
- May incorporate a silicon carbide muffle.
- This ceramic muffle is guaranteed for 5 years if used under recommended operating procedures.
Single or Dual Boxes
- We offer both single and two-section furnace designs, depending on the expected cleanliness of your product before it enters the furnace.
Straight or Humpback
- Both straight-through and humpback designs.
Gas or Electric Heating
- Abbott Furnace Company offers both types of furnace heating, depending on your needs.
Atmosphere Moisturizing
- Abbott Furnace Company offers an optional moisturizing system that can be used to alter furnace dew points to ensure proper brazing conditions.
Abbott Furnace also offers convective heated units for brazing products at lower temperatures up to 1000ºF. These furnaces incorporate fan assemblies inserted into the muffle and can be heated with either electric or gas.
Brazing Fundamentals
During the brazing process, a brazed joint is formed by the filler metal melting and flowing via a capillary effect into the pores of the closely fitted surfaces of the joint to form an alloy of the metals upon solidification.
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
What is furnace brazing?
Furnace brazing joins components by heating an assembly so a filler metal melts and flows into the joint while the base metals remain solid. A controlled cycle and atmosphere help produce repeatable joints.
Why use a continuous belt furnace for brazing?
Continuous belt furnaces provide consistent time, temperature, atmosphere, and cooling conditions for repeatable, high-volume brazing of properly designed assemblies.
What variables have the greatest effect on furnace-brazed joint quality?
Joint design, cleanliness, filler-metal selection, fixture design, belt loading, temperature profile, atmosphere quality, dew point, and cooling conditions can all affect the finished joint.
Can Abbott help troubleshoot an existing brazing process?
Yes. Abbott can review furnace operation, profile data, atmosphere conditions, belt loading, maintenance history, and joint-quality symptoms to help identify potential causes and improvements.
What information is needed to size a brazing furnace?
Abbott typically needs the assembly dimensions and weight, base and filler metals, production rate, loading pattern, required thermal cycle, atmosphere, cooling needs, and applicable specifications.